Coal India Limited (CIL) the state-owned coal mining corporate came into being in November 1975. With a modest production of 79 Million Tonnes (MTs) at the year of its inception CIL, today is the single largest coal producer in the world and one of the largest corporate employer with manpower of 2,20,242 (as on 1st April, 2025). Across eight Indian states, CIL operates in 85 mining areas, managing a total of 310 working mines, consisting of 129 underground, 168 opencast, and 13 mixed mines and also manages other establishments like workshops, hospitals, and so on. CIL has 21 training Institutes and 76 Vocational Training Centres. Indian Institute of Coal Management (IICM) as a state-of-the-art Management Training ‘Centre of Excellence’ – the largest Corporate Training Institute in India - operates under CIL and conducts multi-disciplinary programmes. CIL is a _Maharatna_ company - a privileged status conferred by the Government of India to select state-owned enterprises in order to empower them to expand their operations and emerge as global giants. The select club has only ten members out of more than three hundred Central Public Sector Enterprises in the country. CIL has fourteen fully owned subsidiary companies viz. Eastern Coalfields Limited (ECL), Bharat Coking Coal Limited (BCCL), Central Coalfields Limited (CCL), Western Coalfields Limited (WCL), South Eastern Coalfields Limited (SECL), Northern Coalfields Limited (NCL), Mahanadi Coalfields Limited (MCL), Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Limited (CMPDIL), CIL Navi Karniya Urja Limited, for development of non-conventional/clean & renewable energy and CIL Solar PV Limited for development of solar photovoltaic module and Bharat Coal Gasification and Chemicals Ltd. CIL has a foreign subsidiary in Mozambique namely Coal India Africana Limitada (CIAL) . CIL has incorporated 2 new subsidiaries, Coal Gas India Ltd. For coal gasification projects & CIL Rajasthan Akshay Urja Limited for renewable business. Further CIL has five Joint Venture companies- Hindustan Urvarak & Rasayan Limited, Talcher Fertilizers Ltd., CIL NTPC Urja Pvt. Ltd., Coal Lignite Urja Vikas Private Limited & International Coal Venture Private Limited. The mines in Assam i.e. North Eastern Coalfields (NEC) are managed directly by CIL.
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